91ÇàÇà²Ý

A wind turbine generates electricity for about a quarter of a century. After that, it must be dismantled, and its parts recycled.

The metals in the turbine's tower and motor—aluminium, steel, copper, and lead—are almost entirely recyclable, with recovery rates nearing 100%. However, repurposing the fibreglass from the blades is more challenging.

Burying blades has long been banned in Finland, and an EU directive will enforce this prohibition across Europe starting next year. Currently, the most common solution is to crush decommissioned blades for use as fuel and raw material in cement production. While using recycled material reduces emissions from cement manufacturing, the crushing process is energy-intensive, and burning the material produces carbon dioxide.

There are better solutions, says Ossi Heiskala, an alum of Aalto University's School of Business and co-founder of the company Reverlast.

‘We repurpose turbine blades to build floating docks and pontoon structures,’ he explains. ‘This reduces the need for traditional pontoon materials like concrete and polyethylene plastic, making the solution even more environmentally friendly. Our prototype dock prevents roughly 2.6 tons of carbon dioxide emissions, and the larger and more numerous the docks we build, the greater the impact’.

An idea born at sea

The company's co-founder and CEO, Johannes Peace, who studied bio- and chemical engineering as well as international design business management at Aalto University, is an avid sailor. Three years ago, he began to recognise that wind turbine blades are made from the same fine material as boats, designed to withstand harsh marine conditions for decades.

The power of community

Finland’s wind turbine fleet is still young, which is why only a small number are dismantled each year—around ten to twenty, according to Heiskala’s estimate.

In the next decade, the pace will pick up, increasing the demand for better circular solutions that benefit both the environment and turbine owners.

The dock pontoons were cut from the midsection of the blade. The narrow tip of the blade, in turn, could be used for lighter structures, such as swimming platforms, Heiskala envisions.

‘We’re starting with floating docks because our team has a lot of expertise in that area. However, we already have more ambitious plans—the sturdier sections of the blades could be used for larger structures, like breakwaters,’ he explains.

The community sauna promoting sustainability has received an enthusiastic response and support from multiple sources. Aalto University has awarded Sustainability Action Booster funding for the material costs, and a group of eager students has volunteered to help with construction.

Once the sauna is completed, the Polytechnical Sauna Society and the Aalto Sustainability Club will jointly oversee its operation and development.

If all goes as planned, testing will take place before Christmas, and the sauna is expected to open to the entire Aalto community next spring. The team believes it will become a relaxed gathering place that fosters community, especially among students, attracting thousands of visitors annually.

Martina Presepi, Chair of the Aalto Sustainability Club, is eagerly awaiting its completion.

‘I love sauna, and since moving to Finland, I’ve gone every week. Otaniemi has many saunas, but this will be the first with direct access to the water. It’s been a joy to spread the word about such a creative, ambitious, and sustainable project.’

Text: Minna Hölttä
Images: Henrik Jansson / Reverlast

91ÇàÇà²Ý to develop

Aalto University's public core funding from the Ministry of Education and Culture has decreased in real terms by more than one-third compared to 2010, when the university began its operations. As a society, we cannot afford to cut back on education and research.

To ensure groundbreaking research and bold, persistent innovators in the future, we must invest in both long-term fundamental research and targeted innovation efforts. 91ÇàÇà²Ý and you’ll invest in a future you can be proud of.